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pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 1 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated 3w stereo class-d with dc volume, headphone and power limit description the pam8010 is a 3w, class-d audio amplifier with headphone amplifier. advanced 64-step dc volu me control minimizes external components and allows speaker volume control and headphone volume control. integrated power limit technology which suppresses the output signal clip automatically due to the over level input signal. it offers low thd+n to produce high-quality sound reproduction. pam8010 has an additional noise reduc tion circuit which achieves 12db nosie attenuation. this circ uit may help eliminate external filtering, thereby saving the board space and component cost. the pam8010 features scp (short circuit protection), otp and thermal shutdown. the pam8010 is available in ssop-24 and sop-24 package. features ? 3w output at 10% thd with a 4 load and 5v power supply ? filterless, low quiescent current and low emi ? low thd+n ? power limit function to prot ect speaker when occuring large input, 5% power limit accuracy ? 64-step dc volume control from -45db to +24db ? headphone output function ? 12db effective noise reduction ? superior low noise: 30uv ? minimize pop/clip noise ? high efficiency up to 90% ? auto recovery short circuit protection ? thermal shutdown ? pb-free package pin assignments applications ? lcd monitors / tv projectors ? notebook/all-in-one computers ? portable speakers ? portable dvd players, game machines
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 2 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical applications circuit pin descriptions pin number pin name function 1 -out_l left channel negative output 2 pgndl left channel power gnd 3 +out_l left channel positive output 4 pvddl left channel power supply 5 shdn full chip shutdown control input (active low), pull-up 6 avdd analog vdd 7 vref reference voltage both for dc volume control and power limit section 8 pl connect a resistor divider from vref to gnd for power limit setting 9 ear in l left earphone input 10 inl left channel input 11 vol apply dc voltage at this pin set the gain both of class-d and class-ab 12 ear out l left earphone output (non-inverting) 13 ear out r right earphone output(non-inverting) 14 v2p5 internal analog reference, connec t a bypass capacitor from v2p5 to gnd 15 in r right channel input 16 ear in r right earphone input 17 mute_ab mute control of class-ab section (active low), pull-up 18 vth connect a resistor from vth to gnd for noise threshold setting 19 agnd analog gnd 20 mute_d mute control of class-d section (active high), pull-up 21 pvddr right channel power supply 22 +out_r right channel positive output 23 pgndr right channel power gnd 24 -out_r right channel negative output
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 3 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated functional block diagram absolute maximum ratings (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) these are stress ratings only and functional operation is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum ratings for prolonged time periods may affect device reliability. all voltages are with respect to ground. parameter rating unit supply voltage 6.0 v input voltage -0.3 to v dd +0.3 operation junction temperature -40 to +125 c storage temperature -65 to +150 soldering temperature 300, 5 sec recommended operating conditions (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) parameter rating unit supply voltage range 2.5 to 5.5 v ambient temperature range -20 to +85 c junction temperature range -20 to +125 c
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 4 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated thermal information parameter package symbol max unit thermal resistance (junction to ambient) ssop-24 ja 96 c/w sop-24 79.2 electrical characteristics (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, gain = maximum, rl = 8 ? , unless otherwise specified.) parameter symbol test conditions min typ max units class d stage supply voltage range v dd 2.5 5.5 v quiescent current i q no load 10 15 ma output offset voltage v os no load 10 30 mv drain-source on-state resistance r ds(on) i ds = 0.5a p mosfet 0.21 ? n mosfet 0.17 output power p o thd+n = 10% f = 1khz r l = 8 ? 1.55 1.70 w r l = 4 ? 2.85 3.0 total harmonic distortion plus noise thd+n r l = 8 ? , p o = 0.85w, f = 1khz 0.08 % r l = 4 ? , p o = 1.75w, f = 1khz 0.08 power supply ripple rejection psrr input ac-gnd, f = 1khz, v pp = 200mv 70 db channel separation cs p o = 1w, f = 1khz -95 db oscillator frequency f osc 200 250 300 khz efficiency p o = 1.7w, f =1 khz, r l = 8 ? 85 90 % p o = 3.0w, f =1 khz, r l = 4 ? 80 83 % noise v n input ac-gnd a-weighting 60 v no a-weighting 80 signal noise ratio snr f = 20 ? 20khz, thd = 1% 95 db earphone stage output offset voltage v os no load 2.45 2.50 2.55 v output power p o thd+n = 1%, r l = 32 ? , f = 1khz 60 mw total harmonic distortion plus noise thd+n r l = 32 ? , p o = 10mw, f = 1khz 0.02 % power supply ripple rejection psrr input ac-gnd, f = 1khz, v pp = 200mv 80 db channel separation cs v o = 1v rms , f = 1khz -95 db noise v n input ac-gnd a-weighting 20 v no a-weighting 35 signal noise ratio snr f = 20 ? 20khz, thd = 1% 95 db control section mute current i mute mute_d = v dd , mute_ab = gnd 7 10 ma mute class-d earphone current i mute_d mute_d = v dd , mute_ab = gnd 7 10 ma mute class ab earphonecurrent i mute_ab mute_d = v dd , mute_ab = gnd 9 10 ma shutdown current i shdn v shdn = 0v 1 a logic input high v ih 1.4 v logic input low v il 0.6 over temperature protection otp 150 c over temperature hysteresis oth 40 c
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 5 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, r l = 8 ? , g v = 24db, unless otherwise specified.) class-d output
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 6 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, r l = 8 ? , g v = 24db, unless otherwise specified.) class-d output
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 7 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.)
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 8 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.)
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 9 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, v dd = 5v, g v = 10db, unless otherwise specified.) earphone output
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 10 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, c in = 10f, c o = 10f, l = 4.7h, unless otherwise specified.)
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 11 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (cont.) (@t a = +25c, unless otherwise specified.) table 1. dc volume control step gain (db) class d gain (db) earphone step gain (db) class d gain (db) earphone 1 -43.1 -68.5 33 11.9 -9.6 2 -37.2 -57.4 34 12.2 -9.0 3 -34.3 -49.7 35 12.7 -8.5 4 -27.7 -39.8 36 13.0 -7.9 5 -22.1 -37.4 37 13.4 -7.3 6 -16.3 -35.2 38 13.8 -6.7 7 -10.3 -33.1 39 14.2 -6.2 8 -7.8 -30.8 40 14.6 -5.7 9 -5.2 -28.7 41 15.0 -5.2 10 -2.7 -27.7 42 15.4 -4.7 11 0.2 -26.6 43 15.5 -4.2 12 1.3 -25.5 44 15.8 -3.7 13 2.8 -24.3 45 16.2 -3.2 14 3.8 -23.2 46 16.6 -2.7 15 4.2 -22.4 47 17.0 -2.3 16 4.6 -21.6 48 17.4 -1.9 17 5.4 -20.8 49 17.8 -1.5 18 5.8 -20.0 50 18.2 -1.1 19 6.2 -19.2 51 18.6 -0.7 20 6.6 -18.4 52 19.0 -0.32 21 7.0 -17.6 53 19.4 0.09 22 7.4 -16.7 54 19.8 0.4 23 7.8 -16.1 55 20.2 0.7 24 8.2 -15.4 56 20.6 0.97 25 8.6 -14.7 57 21.0 1.3 26 9.0 -14.1 58 21.4 1.6 27 9.4 -13.4 59 21.9 1.9 28 9.8 -12.7 60 22.2 2.2 29 10.3 -12.1 61 22.6 2.35 30 10.5 -11.4 62 23.1 2.6 31 11.0 -10.8 63 23.5 2.8 32 11.5 -10.2 64 23.9 3.0
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 12 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated application information test setup for performance testing (class d) 1. when the pam8010 works with lc filters, it should be connected with the speaker before it's powered on, otherwise it will be damaged easily. 2. when the pam8010 works without lc filters, it's better to add a ferrite chip bead at the outgoing line of speaker for suppre ssing the possible electromagnetic interference. 3. the absolute maximum rating of the pam8010 operation voltage is 6.0v. when the pam8010 is powered with four battery cells, i t should be noted that the voltage of four new dry or alkaline batteri es is over 6v, higher than its maximum operation voltage, which p robably make the device damaged. therefore, it's recommended to use either fo ur ni-mh (nickel metal hydride) rechargeable batteries or three dry or alkaline batteries. 4. the input signal should not be too high, if too high, it will cause the clipping of output signal when increasing the volume . because the dc volume control of the pam8010 has big gain, it will make the device damaged. 5. when testing the pam8010 without lc filters by using resistor instead of speaker as the output load, the test results, e.g. thd or efficiency, will be worse than thos e using speaker as load. notes: 1. the audio precision (ap) aux-0025 low pass filt er is necessary for class-d amplifier measurement with ap analyzer. 2. two 22 h inductors are used in series with load resistor to emulate the small speake r for efficiency measurement. power limit function the maximum output power of class d section is set by a pplying a dc voltage at pl pin add a resistor divider from av dd (pin 6) to ground to set the voltage at the pl pin. an external reference may alos be used at v ref (pin 7) if tighter tolerance is required. also add a 1f capacitor from pin 7 to ground (see the ap plication circuit on page 1). different from other company?s power limit, the power limit ci rcuit of pam8010 sets a limit on the output peak voltage, and th e value is lower than the half supply voltage (pv dd ) makes the pam8010 never clipping, it means thd+n always lower than 1% when power limit works. noise reduction function the gain of pam8010 will reduce 12db when there is no audio at the input of the amplifier for 8s. the gain will recovered until the input signal is above the noise threshold which is set at v th (pin 18) and the noise threshold is set by an external resistr from v th to ground. mute operation the mute_d pin is an input for controlling the class-d output state of the pam8010. a logic low on this pin enables the outputs , and a logic high on this pin disables the outputs. this pin may be used as a quick disable or enable of the outputs without a volume fade. quiescent current is listed in the electronics characterist ics table. the mute_d pin can be left floating due to the internal pull-down. the mute_ab pin is an input for controlling the class-ab output st ate of the pam8010. a logic high on this pin enables the outp uts, and a logic low on this pin disables the outputs. shutdown operation in order to reduce power consumption while not in use, the pam80 10 contains shutdown circuitry to turn off the amplifier?s bias circuitry. the amplifier is turned off when logic low is placed on the shdn pi n. by switching the shdn pin connected to gnd, the pam8010 suppl y current draw will be minimized in idle mode. the shdn pi n can be left floating due to the internal pull-up. for the best power on/off pop performance, the amplifier should be placed in the mute mode prior to turning on/off the power su pply.
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 13 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated application information power supply decoupling the pam8010 is a high performance cmos audio amplifier that requi res adequate power supply decoupling to ensure the output thd and psrr are as low as possible. power supply decoupling affects lo w frequency on the power supply l eads for higher frey response. optimum decoupling is achieved by using tw o capacitors of different types that target different types of noise frequency transients, sp ike, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resi sitance (esr) ceramic capacitor, typically 1.0f, placed as close as possible to the device v dd terminal works best. for filtering lower-frequency noise signals, a large capacitor of 10f (cer amic) or greater placed near th e audio power amplifier is recommended. input capacitor (c i ) large input capaciitors are both expensive and spce hungry for port able designs. clearly, a certai n sized capacitor is needed t o capacitor is needed to couple in low frequencies wothout severe attenuation. but in many cases the speakers us ed in portable systems, whethe r internal or external, have little ability to reproduce si gnals below 100hz to 150hz. thus, using a large input capacitor may not increase a ctual system performance. in this case, input capacitor (c i ) and input resisitance (r i ) of the amplifier form a high-pass filter with the corner frequency determined equation below, c r 2 1 f i i c ? ? in addition to system cost and size, click and pop perfomance is af fected by the size of the input coupling capacitor, ci. a la rger inout coupling capacitor requires more charge to reach its quiescent dc voltage (nominally ? vdd). this charge comes from the internall circui t via the feedback and is apt to creat pops upon device enable. thus, by mi nimizing the capacitor size bas ed on necessary low frequency r esponse, turn-on pops can be minimized. analog refernce bypass capacitor (c byp ) analog refernce bypass capacitor (c byp ) is the most critical capacitor and serves several important functions. during start-up or recovery from shutdown mode, c byp determines the rate at which the amplifier starts up. the second function is to reduc e noise produced by the power supply caused by coupling in to the output drive signal. over temperature protection thermal protection on the pam8010 prevents the device from damage w hen the internal die temperature exceeds +150c. there is a 15 degree tolerance on this point from device to device. once the die temperature exceeds the thermal set point, the device output s are disabled. this is not a latched fault. the thermal fault is cleared once the temperature of the die is reduced by +40c. this large hyste resis will prevent motor boating sound well. the device begins normal operation at this point without external system interaction. before thermal shutdown, gain of the pam8010 will drop -3db when the chip temperature reaches +120c. how to reduce emi (electro magnetic interference) a simple solution is to put an additional capacitor 1000uf at pow er supply terminal for power li ne coupling if the traces from amplifier to speakers are short (< 20cm). most applications require a ferrite b ead filter as shown at figure 1. the ferrite filter reduces e mi around 1mhz and higher. when selecting a ferrite bead, choose one with hi gh impedance at high frequencies, and low impedance at low frequen cies (mh2012hm221-t). figure 1. ferrite bead filter to reduce emi
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 14 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (cont.) pcb layout guidelines grounding at this stage it is paramount to notice the necessity of separ ate grounds. noise currents in the output power stage need to be returned to output noise ground and nowhere else. were these currents to circulate elsewhere, they may get into the power supply, the signal groun d, etc, worse yet, they may form a loop and radiate noise. any of these case s results in degraded amplifier performance. the logical returns for the output noise currents associated with class-d switching are the respec tive pgnd pins for each channel. the switch state diagram illust rates that pgnd is instrumental in nearly every switch state. this is t he perfect point to which the output noise ground trace should retu rn. also note that output noise ground is channel specific. a two channel amplifie r has two seperate channels and c onsequently must have two seper ate output noise ground traces. the layout of the pam8010 offers separate pgnd connections for each channel and in some cases each side of the bridge. output noise grounds must be tied to system ground at th e power in exclusively. signal currents for the inputs, referen ce, etc need to be returned to quite ground. this ground is only tied to the signal components and the gnd pin, and gnd then tied to system ground . ordering information part number package type standard package PAM8010NHR ssop-24 2500 units/tape&reel pam8010dhr sop-24 1000 units/tape&reel marking information
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 15 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated package outline dimensions (all dimensions in mm.) ssop-24
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 16 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated package outline dimensions (cont.) (all dimensions in mm.) sop-24
pam8010 document number: dsxxxxx rev. 1 - 0 17 of 17 www.diodes.com november 2012 ? diodes incorporated pam8010 a product line o f diodes incorporated important notice diodes incorporated makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, with regards to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction). diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries rese rve the right to make modifications, enhanc ements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to this document and any product descri bed herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability ari sing out of the application or use of this document or an y product described herein; neither does di odes incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. any customer or us er of this document or products described herein in such applica tions shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on diodes incorporated website, harmless against all damages. diodes incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability w hatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthoriz ed sales channel. should customers purchase or use diodes inco rporated products for any unintended or una uthorized application, customers shall i ndemnify and hold diodes incorporated and its representativ es harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death a ssociated with such unintended or unauthorized application. products described herein may be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign patents pending. product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign trademarks. this document is written in english but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. only the english version of t his document is the final and determinative format released by diodes incorporated. life support diodes incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical component s in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the chief executive offi cer of diodes incorporated. as used herein: a. life support devices or syst ems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when proper ly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. b. a critical component is any component in a life support devic e or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expect ed to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifi cations of their life support dev ices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-rel ated requirements concerning the ir products and any use of diodes incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or s ystems-related information or support that may be provided by diodes incorporated. further, customers must fully indemnify diodes incorporate d and its representatives against any damages arisi ng out of the use of diodes incorporated pr oducts in such safety-critical, life suppor t devices or systems. copyright ? 2012, diodes incorporated www.diodes.com

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